This tutorial is part of a Collection: 03. DirectX 11 - Braynzar Soft Tutorials
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29. Free-Look Camera

This is an extremely short lesson which will show you how to change the camera funcntion from the first person camera to a free-look camera. It is based directly off the first person camera lesson.

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##Introduction## You may have noticed I have already implemented a free-look camera into a couple of the last lessons. I've decided I'll just make a really really short lesson on it though in case someone is only looking for a free-look camera but has not read through the last lessons code This lesson is build directly off the first person camera lesson. It is a very very short lesson, where we comment out 5 lines of code from the first person cam lesson, and add 3 new lines of code. thats it! So what exactly are we doing with these new lines of code? Well, to get a free look camera, we need to be able to move forward, backwards, left and right in 3 dimensions (x,y,z), unlike the first person camera moving around only in 2 dimensions (x,z). The only difference between this lesson and the first person camera lesson, is instead of creating a new rotation matrix that only rotates around the y axis to move our camera around, we will use the same rotation matrix we used to update our target vector to rotate our cameras forward and right vectors. ##The UpdateCamera() Function## Here is the entire UpdateCamera() function. void UpdateCamera() { camRotationMatrix = XMMatrixRotationRollPitchYaw(camPitch, camYaw, 0); camTarget = XMVector3TransformCoord(DefaultForward, camRotationMatrix ); camTarget = XMVector3Normalize(camTarget); ///////////////**************new**************//////////////////// /* // First-Person Camera XMMATRIX RotateYTempMatrix; RotateYTempMatrix = XMMatrixRotationY(camYaw); camRight = XMVector3TransformCoord(DefaultRight, RotateYTempMatrix); camUp = XMVector3TransformCoord(camUp, RotateYTempMatrix); camForward = XMVector3TransformCoord(DefaultForward, RotateYTempMatrix);*/ // Free-Look Camera camRight = XMVector3TransformCoord(DefaultRight, camRotationMatrix); camForward = XMVector3TransformCoord(DefaultForward, camRotationMatrix); camUp = XMVector3Cross(camForward, camRight); ///////////////**************new**************//////////////////// camPosition += moveLeftRight*camRight; camPosition += moveBackForward*camForward; moveLeftRight = 0.0f; moveBackForward = 0.0f; camTarget = camPosition + camTarget; camView = XMMatrixLookAtLH( camPosition, camTarget, camUp ); } ##First-Person To Free-Look## As was explained in the introduction, 5 lines are commented out and 3 lines added. The 5 lines commented out create a rotation matrix around only the y-axis, which can be used to make sure our camera only moves on the xz plane. But, we want a free-look camera so that our camera can move on all xyz axis. We do this by simply using the rotation matrix we used to rotate our target vector, and rotate the cameras forward and right vectors. We get the up vector by cross multiplying the cameras forward and right vectors. If we were to keep the up vector at (0,1,0) which is the worlds up, then when we look up, our camera would quickly do a 180. You will probably just have to try it out to know what i mean. /* // First-Person Camera XMMATRIX RotateYTempMatrix; RotateYTempMatrix = XMMatrixRotationY(camYaw); camRight = XMVector3TransformCoord(DefaultRight, RotateYTempMatrix); camUp = XMVector3TransformCoord(camUp, RotateYTempMatrix); camForward = XMVector3TransformCoord(DefaultForward, RotateYTempMatrix);*/ // Free-Look Camera camRight = XMVector3TransformCoord(DefaultRight, camRotationMatrix); camForward = XMVector3TransformCoord(DefaultForward, camRotationMatrix); camUp = XMVector3Cross(camForward, camRight); That's all there is to changing our first person camera to a free look camera! Here's the code: main.cpp //Include and link appropriate libraries and headers// #pragma comment(lib, "d3d11.lib") #pragma comment(lib, "d3dx11.lib") #pragma comment(lib, "d3dx10.lib") #pragma comment (lib, "D3D10_1.lib") #pragma comment (lib, "DXGI.lib") #pragma comment (lib, "D2D1.lib") #pragma comment (lib, "dwrite.lib") #pragma comment (lib, "dinput8.lib") #pragma comment (lib, "dxguid.lib") #include <windows.h> #include <d3d11.h> #include <d3dx11.h> #include <d3dx10.h> #include <xnamath.h> #include <D3D10_1.h> #include <DXGI.h> #include <D2D1.h> #include <sstream> #include <dwrite.h> #include <dinput.h> //Global Declarations - Interfaces// IDXGISwapChain* SwapChain; ID3D11Device* d3d11Device; ID3D11DeviceContext* d3d11DevCon; ID3D11RenderTargetView* renderTargetView; ID3D11Buffer* squareIndexBuffer; ID3D11DepthStencilView* depthStencilView; ID3D11Texture2D* depthStencilBuffer; ID3D11Buffer* squareVertBuffer; ID3D11VertexShader* VS; ID3D11PixelShader* PS; ID3D11PixelShader* D2D_PS; ID3D10Blob* D2D_PS_Buffer; ID3D10Blob* VS_Buffer; ID3D10Blob* PS_Buffer; ID3D11InputLayout* vertLayout; ID3D11Buffer* cbPerObjectBuffer; ID3D11BlendState* Transparency; ID3D11RasterizerState* CCWcullMode; ID3D11RasterizerState* CWcullMode; ID3D11ShaderResourceView* CubesTexture; ID3D11SamplerState* CubesTexSamplerState; ID3D11Buffer* cbPerFrameBuffer; ID3D10Device1 *d3d101Device; IDXGIKeyedMutex *keyedMutex11; IDXGIKeyedMutex *keyedMutex10; ID2D1RenderTarget *D2DRenderTarget; ID2D1SolidColorBrush *Brush; ID3D11Texture2D *BackBuffer11; ID3D11Texture2D *sharedTex11; ID3D11Buffer *d2dVertBuffer; ID3D11Buffer *d2dIndexBuffer; ID3D11ShaderResourceView *d2dTexture; IDWriteFactory *DWriteFactory; IDWriteTextFormat *TextFormat; IDirectInputDevice8* DIKeyboard; IDirectInputDevice8* DIMouse; std::wstring printText; //Global Declarations - Others// LPCTSTR WndClassName = L"firstwindow"; HWND hwnd = NULL; HRESULT hr; int Width = 800; int Height = 600; DIMOUSESTATE mouseLastState; LPDIRECTINPUT8 DirectInput; float rotx = 0; float rotz = 0; float scaleX = 1.0f; float scaleY = 1.0f; XMMATRIX Rotationx; XMMATRIX Rotationz; XMMATRIX WVP; XMMATRIX cube1World; XMMATRIX cube2World; XMMATRIX camView; XMMATRIX camProjection; XMMATRIX d2dWorld; XMVECTOR camPosition; XMVECTOR camTarget; XMVECTOR camUp; XMVECTOR DefaultForward = XMVectorSet(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f, 0.0f); XMVECTOR DefaultRight = XMVectorSet(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f, 0.0f); XMVECTOR camForward = XMVectorSet(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f, 0.0f); XMVECTOR camRight = XMVectorSet(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f, 0.0f); XMMATRIX camRotationMatrix; XMMATRIX groundWorld; float moveLeftRight = 0.0f; float moveBackForward = 0.0f; float camYaw = 0.0f; float camPitch = 0.0f; XMMATRIX Rotation; XMMATRIX Scale; XMMATRIX Translation; float rot = 0.01f; double countsPerSecond = 0.0; __int64 CounterStart = 0; int frameCount = 0; int fps = 0; __int64 frameTimeOld = 0; double frameTime; //Function Prototypes// bool InitializeDirect3d11App(HINSTANCE hInstance); void CleanUp(); bool InitScene(); void DrawScene(); bool InitD2D_D3D101_DWrite(IDXGIAdapter1 *Adapter); void InitD2DScreenTexture(); void UpdateScene(double time); void UpdateCamera(); void RenderText(std::wstring text, int inInt); void StartTimer(); double GetTime(); double GetFrameTime(); bool InitializeWindow(HINSTANCE hInstance, int ShowWnd, int width, int height, bool windowed); int messageloop(); bool InitDirectInput(HINSTANCE hInstance); void DetectInput(double time); LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam); //Create effects constant buffer's structure// struct cbPerObject { XMMATRIX WVP; XMMATRIX World; }; cbPerObject cbPerObj; struct Light { Light() { ZeroMemory(this, sizeof(Light)); } XMFLOAT3 dir; float pad; XMFLOAT4 ambient; XMFLOAT4 diffuse; }; Light light; struct cbPerFrame { Light light; }; cbPerFrame constbuffPerFrame; struct Vertex //Overloaded Vertex Structure { Vertex(){} Vertex(float x, float y, float z, float u, float v, float nx, float ny, float nz) : pos(x,y,z), texCoord(u, v), normal(nx, ny, nz){} XMFLOAT3 pos; XMFLOAT2 texCoord; XMFLOAT3 normal; }; D3D11_INPUT_ELEMENT_DESC layout[] = { { "POSITION", 0, DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32_FLOAT, 0, 0, D3D11_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0 }, { "TEXCOORD", 0, DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32_FLOAT, 0, 12, D3D11_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0 }, { "NORMAL", 0, DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32_FLOAT, 0, 20, D3D11_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0} }; UINT numElements = ARRAYSIZE(layout); int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, //Main windows function HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd) { if(!InitializeWindow(hInstance, nShowCmd, Width, Height, true)) { MessageBox(0, L"Window Initialization - Failed", L"Error", MB_OK); return 0; } if(!InitializeDirect3d11App(hInstance)) //Initialize Direct3D { MessageBox(0, L"Direct3D Initialization - Failed", L"Error", MB_OK); return 0; } if(!InitScene()) //Initialize our scene { MessageBox(0, L"Scene Initialization - Failed", L"Error", MB_OK); return 0; } if(!InitDirectInput(hInstance)) { MessageBox(0, L"Direct Input Initialization - Failed", L"Error", MB_OK); return 0; } messageloop(); CleanUp(); return 0; } bool InitializeWindow(HINSTANCE hInstance, int ShowWnd, int width, int height, bool windowed) { typedef struct _WNDCLASS { UINT cbSize; UINT style; WNDPROC lpfnWndProc; int cbClsExtra; int cbWndExtra; HANDLE hInstance; HICON hIcon; HCURSOR hCursor; HBRUSH hbrBackground; LPCTSTR lpszMenuName; LPCTSTR lpszClassName; } WNDCLASS; WNDCLASSEX wc; wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wc.cbClsExtra = NULL; wc.cbWndExtra = NULL; wc.hInstance = hInstance; wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1); wc.lpszMenuName = NULL; wc.lpszClassName = WndClassName; wc.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); if (!RegisterClassEx(&wc)) { MessageBox(NULL, L"Error registering class", L"Error", MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR); return 1; } hwnd = CreateWindowEx( NULL, WndClassName, L"Lesson 4 - Begin Drawing", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, width, height, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL ); if (!hwnd) { MessageBox(NULL, L"Error creating window", L"Error", MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR); return 1; } ShowWindow(hwnd, ShowWnd); UpdateWindow(hwnd); return true; } bool InitializeDirect3d11App(HINSTANCE hInstance) { //Describe our SwapChain Buffer DXGI_MODE_DESC bufferDesc; ZeroMemory(&bufferDesc, sizeof(DXGI_MODE_DESC)); bufferDesc.Width = Width; bufferDesc.Height = Height; bufferDesc.RefreshRate.Numerator = 60; bufferDesc.RefreshRate.Denominator = 1; bufferDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM; bufferDesc.ScanlineOrdering = DXGI_MODE_SCANLINE_ORDER_UNSPECIFIED; bufferDesc.Scaling = DXGI_MODE_SCALING_UNSPECIFIED; //Describe our SwapChain DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC swapChainDesc; ZeroMemory(&swapChainDesc, sizeof(DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC)); swapChainDesc.BufferDesc = bufferDesc; swapChainDesc.SampleDesc.Count = 1; swapChainDesc.SampleDesc.Quality = 0; swapChainDesc.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT; swapChainDesc.BufferCount = 1; swapChainDesc.OutputWindow = hwnd; ///////////////**************new**************//////////////////// swapChainDesc.Windowed = true; ///////////////**************new**************//////////////////// swapChainDesc.SwapEffect = DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_DISCARD; // Create DXGI factory to enumerate adapters/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// IDXGIFactory1 *DXGIFactory; HRESULT hr = CreateDXGIFactory1(__uuidof(IDXGIFactory1), (void**)&DXGIFactory); // Use the first adapter IDXGIAdapter1 *Adapter; hr = DXGIFactory->EnumAdapters1(0, &Adapter); DXGIFactory->Release(); //Create our Direct3D 11 Device and SwapChain////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// hr = D3D11CreateDeviceAndSwapChain(Adapter, D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_UNKNOWN, NULL, D3D11_CREATE_DEVICE_BGRA_SUPPORT, NULL, NULL, D3D11_SDK_VERSION, &swapChainDesc, &SwapChain, &d3d11Device, NULL, &d3d11DevCon); //Initialize Direct2D, Direct3D 10.1, DirectWrite InitD2D_D3D101_DWrite(Adapter); //Release the Adapter interface Adapter->Release(); //Create our BackBuffer and Render Target hr = SwapChain->GetBuffer( 0, __uuidof( ID3D11Texture2D ), (void**)&BackBuffer11 ); hr = d3d11Device->CreateRenderTargetView( BackBuffer11, NULL, &renderTargetView ); //Describe our Depth/Stencil Buffer D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC depthStencilDesc; depthStencilDesc.Width = Width; depthStencilDesc.Height = Height; depthStencilDesc.MipLevels = 1; depthStencilDesc.ArraySize = 1; depthStencilDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_D24_UNORM_S8_UINT; depthStencilDesc.SampleDesc.Count = 1; depthStencilDesc.SampleDesc.Quality = 0; depthStencilDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT; depthStencilDesc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_DEPTH_STENCIL; depthStencilDesc.CPUAccessFlags = 0; depthStencilDesc.MiscFlags = 0; //Create the Depth/Stencil View d3d11Device->CreateTexture2D(&depthStencilDesc, NULL, &depthStencilBuffer); d3d11Device->CreateDepthStencilView(depthStencilBuffer, NULL, &depthStencilView); return true; } bool InitD2D_D3D101_DWrite(IDXGIAdapter1 *Adapter) { //Create our Direc3D 10.1 Device/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// hr = D3D10CreateDevice1(Adapter, D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE, NULL,D3D10_CREATE_DEVICE_BGRA_SUPPORT, D3D10_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_3, D3D10_1_SDK_VERSION, &d3d101Device ); //Create Shared Texture that Direct3D 10.1 will render on////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC sharedTexDesc; ZeroMemory(&sharedTexDesc, sizeof(sharedTexDesc)); sharedTexDesc.Width = Width; sharedTexDesc.Height = Height; sharedTexDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM; sharedTexDesc.MipLevels = 1; sharedTexDesc.ArraySize = 1; sharedTexDesc.SampleDesc.Count = 1; sharedTexDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT; sharedTexDesc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_SHADER_RESOURCE | D3D11_BIND_RENDER_TARGET; sharedTexDesc.MiscFlags = D3D11_RESOURCE_MISC_SHARED_KEYEDMUTEX; hr = d3d11Device->CreateTexture2D(&sharedTexDesc, NULL, &sharedTex11); // Get the keyed mutex for the shared texture (for D3D11)/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// hr = sharedTex11->QueryInterface(__uuidof(IDXGIKeyedMutex), (void**)&keyedMutex11); // Get the shared handle needed to open the shared texture in D3D10.1/////////////////////////////////////////////////// IDXGIResource *sharedResource10; HANDLE sharedHandle10; hr = sharedTex11->QueryInterface(__uuidof(IDXGIResource), (void**)&sharedResource10); hr = sharedResource10->GetSharedHandle(&sharedHandle10); sharedResource10->Release(); // Open the surface for the shared texture in D3D10.1/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// IDXGISurface1 *sharedSurface10; hr = d3d101Device->OpenSharedResource(sharedHandle10, __uuidof(IDXGISurface1), (void**)(&sharedSurface10)); hr = sharedSurface10->QueryInterface(__uuidof(IDXGIKeyedMutex), (void**)&keyedMutex10); // Create D2D factory/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ID2D1Factory *D2DFactory; hr = D2D1CreateFactory(D2D1_FACTORY_TYPE_SINGLE_THREADED, __uuidof(ID2D1Factory), (void**)&D2DFactory); D2D1_RENDER_TARGET_PROPERTIES renderTargetProperties; ZeroMemory(&renderTargetProperties, sizeof(renderTargetProperties)); renderTargetProperties.type = D2D1_RENDER_TARGET_TYPE_HARDWARE; renderTargetProperties.pixelFormat = D2D1::PixelFormat(DXGI_FORMAT_UNKNOWN, D2D1_ALPHA_MODE_PREMULTIPLIED); hr = D2DFactory->CreateDxgiSurfaceRenderTarget(sharedSurface10, &renderTargetProperties, &D2DRenderTarget); sharedSurface10->Release(); D2DFactory->Release(); // Create a solid color brush to draw something with hr = D2DRenderTarget->CreateSolidColorBrush(D2D1::ColorF(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f), &Brush); //DirectWrite/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// hr = DWriteCreateFactory(DWRITE_FACTORY_TYPE_SHARED, __uuidof(IDWriteFactory), reinterpret_cast<IUnknown**>(&DWriteFactory)); hr = DWriteFactory->CreateTextFormat( L"Script", NULL, DWRITE_FONT_WEIGHT_REGULAR, DWRITE_FONT_STYLE_NORMAL, DWRITE_FONT_STRETCH_NORMAL, 24.0f, L"en-us", &TextFormat ); hr = TextFormat->SetTextAlignment(DWRITE_TEXT_ALIGNMENT_LEADING); hr = TextFormat->SetParagraphAlignment(DWRITE_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT_NEAR); d3d101Device->IASetPrimitiveTopology(D3D10_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_POINTLIST); return true; } bool InitDirectInput(HINSTANCE hInstance) { hr = DirectInput8Create(hInstance, DIRECTINPUT_VERSION, IID_IDirectInput8, (void**)&DirectInput, NULL); hr = DirectInput->CreateDevice(GUID_SysKeyboard, &DIKeyboard, NULL); hr = DirectInput->CreateDevice(GUID_SysMouse, &DIMouse, NULL); hr = DIKeyboard->SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIKeyboard); hr = DIKeyboard->SetCooperativeLevel(hwnd, DISCL_FOREGROUND | DISCL_NONEXCLUSIVE); hr = DIMouse->SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIMouse); hr = DIMouse->SetCooperativeLevel(hwnd, DISCL_EXCLUSIVE | DISCL_NOWINKEY | DISCL_FOREGROUND); return true; } void UpdateCamera() { camRotationMatrix = XMMatrixRotationRollPitchYaw(camPitch, camYaw, 0); camTarget = XMVector3TransformCoord(DefaultForward, camRotationMatrix ); camTarget = XMVector3Normalize(camTarget); ///////////////**************new**************//////////////////// /* // First-Person Camera XMMATRIX RotateYTempMatrix; RotateYTempMatrix = XMMatrixRotationY(camYaw); camRight = XMVector3TransformCoord(DefaultRight, RotateYTempMatrix); camUp = XMVector3TransformCoord(camUp, RotateYTempMatrix); camForward = XMVector3TransformCoord(DefaultForward, RotateYTempMatrix);*/ // Free-Look Camera camRight = XMVector3TransformCoord(DefaultRight, camRotationMatrix); camForward = XMVector3TransformCoord(DefaultForward, camRotationMatrix); camUp = XMVector3Cross(camForward, camRight); ///////////////**************new**************//////////////////// camPosition += moveLeftRight*camRight; camPosition += moveBackForward*camForward; moveLeftRight = 0.0f; moveBackForward = 0.0f; camTarget = camPosition + camTarget; camView = XMMatrixLookAtLH( camPosition, camTarget, camUp ); } void DetectInput(double time) { DIMOUSESTATE mouseCurrState; BYTE keyboardState[256]; DIKeyboard->Acquire(); DIMouse->Acquire(); DIMouse->GetDeviceState(sizeof(DIMOUSESTATE), &mouseCurrState); DIKeyboard->GetDeviceState(sizeof(keyboardState),(LPVOID)&keyboardState); if(keyboardState[DIK_ESCAPE] & 0x80) PostMessage(hwnd, WM_DESTROY, 0, 0); float speed = 15.0f * time; if(keyboardState[DIK_A] & 0x80) { moveLeftRight -= speed; } if(keyboardState[DIK_D] & 0x80) { moveLeftRight += speed; } if(keyboardState[DIK_W] & 0x80) { moveBackForward += speed; } if(keyboardState[DIK_S] & 0x80) { moveBackForward -= speed; } if((mouseCurrState.lX != mouseLastState.lX) || (mouseCurrState.lY != mouseLastState.lY)) { camYaw += mouseLastState.lX * 0.001f; camPitch += mouseCurrState.lY * 0.001f; mouseLastState = mouseCurrState; } UpdateCamera(); return; } void CleanUp() { SwapChain->SetFullscreenState(false, NULL); PostMessage(hwnd, WM_DESTROY, 0, 0); //Release the COM Objects we created SwapChain->Release(); d3d11Device->Release(); d3d11DevCon->Release(); renderTargetView->Release(); squareVertBuffer->Release(); squareIndexBuffer->Release(); VS->Release(); PS->Release(); VS_Buffer->Release(); PS_Buffer->Release(); vertLayout->Release(); depthStencilView->Release(); depthStencilBuffer->Release(); cbPerObjectBuffer->Release(); Transparency->Release(); CCWcullMode->Release(); CWcullMode->Release(); d3d101Device->Release(); keyedMutex11->Release(); keyedMutex10->Release(); D2DRenderTarget->Release(); Brush->Release(); BackBuffer11->Release(); sharedTex11->Release(); DWriteFactory->Release(); TextFormat->Release(); d2dTexture->Release(); cbPerFrameBuffer->Release(); DIKeyboard->Unacquire(); DIMouse->Unacquire(); DirectInput->Release(); } void InitD2DScreenTexture() { //Create the vertex buffer Vertex v[] = { // Front Face Vertex(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f), Vertex(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f), Vertex( 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f), Vertex( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f), }; DWORD indices[] = { // Front Face 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3, }; D3D11_BUFFER_DESC indexBufferDesc; ZeroMemory( &indexBufferDesc, sizeof(indexBufferDesc) ); indexBufferDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT; indexBufferDesc.ByteWidth = sizeof(DWORD) * 2 * 3; indexBufferDesc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_INDEX_BUFFER; indexBufferDesc.CPUAccessFlags = 0; indexBufferDesc.MiscFlags = 0; D3D11_SUBRESOURCE_DATA iinitData; iinitData.pSysMem = indices; d3d11Device->CreateBuffer(&indexBufferDesc, &iinitData, &d2dIndexBuffer); D3D11_BUFFER_DESC vertexBufferDesc; ZeroMemory( &vertexBufferDesc, sizeof(vertexBufferDesc) ); vertexBufferDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT; vertexBufferDesc.ByteWidth = sizeof( Vertex ) * 4; vertexBufferDesc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_VERTEX_BUFFER; vertexBufferDesc.CPUAccessFlags = 0; vertexBufferDesc.MiscFlags = 0; D3D11_SUBRESOURCE_DATA vertexBufferData; ZeroMemory( &vertexBufferData, sizeof(vertexBufferData) ); vertexBufferData.pSysMem = v; hr = d3d11Device->CreateBuffer( &vertexBufferDesc, &vertexBufferData, &d2dVertBuffer); //Create A shader resource view from the texture D2D will render to, //So we can use it to texture a square which overlays our scene d3d11Device->CreateShaderResourceView(sharedTex11, NULL, &d2dTexture); } bool InitScene() { InitD2DScreenTexture(); //Compile Shaders from shader file hr = D3DX11CompileFromFile(L"Effects.fx", 0, 0, "VS", "vs_4_0", 0, 0, 0, &VS_Buffer, 0, 0); hr = D3DX11CompileFromFile(L"Effects.fx", 0, 0, "PS", "ps_4_0", 0, 0, 0, &PS_Buffer, 0, 0); hr = D3DX11CompileFromFile(L"Effects.fx", 0, 0, "D2D_PS", "ps_4_0", 0, 0, 0, &D2D_PS_Buffer, 0, 0); //Create the Shader Objects hr = d3d11Device->CreateVertexShader(VS_Buffer->GetBufferPointer(), VS_Buffer->GetBufferSize(), NULL, &VS); hr = d3d11Device->CreatePixelShader(PS_Buffer->GetBufferPointer(), PS_Buffer->GetBufferSize(), NULL, &PS); hr = d3d11Device->CreatePixelShader(D2D_PS_Buffer->GetBufferPointer(), D2D_PS_Buffer->GetBufferSize(), NULL, &D2D_PS); //Set Vertex and Pixel Shaders d3d11DevCon->VSSetShader(VS, 0, 0); d3d11DevCon->PSSetShader(PS, 0, 0); light.dir = XMFLOAT3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); light.ambient = XMFLOAT4(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f); light.diffuse = XMFLOAT4(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); //Create the vertex buffer Vertex v[] = { // Bottom Face Vertex(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 100.0f, 100.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f), Vertex( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 100.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f), Vertex( 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f), Vertex(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 100.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f), }; DWORD indices[] = { 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3, }; D3D11_BUFFER_DESC indexBufferDesc; ZeroMemory( &indexBufferDesc, sizeof(indexBufferDesc) ); indexBufferDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT; indexBufferDesc.ByteWidth = sizeof(DWORD) * 2 * 3; indexBufferDesc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_INDEX_BUFFER; indexBufferDesc.CPUAccessFlags = 0; indexBufferDesc.MiscFlags = 0; D3D11_SUBRESOURCE_DATA iinitData; iinitData.pSysMem = indices; d3d11Device->CreateBuffer(&indexBufferDesc, &iinitData, &squareIndexBuffer); D3D11_BUFFER_DESC vertexBufferDesc; ZeroMemory( &vertexBufferDesc, sizeof(vertexBufferDesc) ); vertexBufferDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT; vertexBufferDesc.ByteWidth = sizeof( Vertex ) * 4; vertexBufferDesc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_VERTEX_BUFFER; vertexBufferDesc.CPUAccessFlags = 0; vertexBufferDesc.MiscFlags = 0; D3D11_SUBRESOURCE_DATA vertexBufferData; ZeroMemory( &vertexBufferData, sizeof(vertexBufferData) ); vertexBufferData.pSysMem = v; hr = d3d11Device->CreateBuffer( &vertexBufferDesc, &vertexBufferData, &squareVertBuffer); //Create the Input Layout hr = d3d11Device->CreateInputLayout( layout, numElements, VS_Buffer->GetBufferPointer(), VS_Buffer->GetBufferSize(), &vertLayout ); //Set the Input Layout d3d11DevCon->IASetInputLayout( vertLayout ); //Set Primitive Topology d3d11DevCon->IASetPrimitiveTopology( D3D11_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST ); //Create the Viewport D3D11_VIEWPORT viewport; ZeroMemory(&viewport, sizeof(D3D11_VIEWPORT)); viewport.TopLeftX = 0; viewport.TopLeftY = 0; viewport.Width = Width; viewport.Height = Height; viewport.MinDepth = 0.0f; viewport.MaxDepth = 1.0f; //Set the Viewport d3d11DevCon->RSSetViewports(1, &viewport); //Create the buffer to send to the cbuffer in effect file D3D11_BUFFER_DESC cbbd; ZeroMemory(&cbbd, sizeof(D3D11_BUFFER_DESC)); cbbd.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT; cbbd.ByteWidth = sizeof(cbPerObject); cbbd.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_CONSTANT_BUFFER; cbbd.CPUAccessFlags = 0; cbbd.MiscFlags = 0; hr = d3d11Device->CreateBuffer(&cbbd, NULL, &cbPerObjectBuffer); //Create the buffer to send to the cbuffer per frame in effect file ZeroMemory(&cbbd, sizeof(D3D11_BUFFER_DESC)); cbbd.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT; cbbd.ByteWidth = sizeof(cbPerFrame); cbbd.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_CONSTANT_BUFFER; cbbd.CPUAccessFlags = 0; cbbd.MiscFlags = 0; hr = d3d11Device->CreateBuffer(&cbbd, NULL, &cbPerFrameBuffer); //Camera information camPosition = XMVectorSet( 0.0f, 5.0f, -8.0f, 0.0f ); camTarget = XMVectorSet( 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f ); camUp = XMVectorSet( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f ); //Set the View matrix camView = XMMatrixLookAtLH( camPosition, camTarget, camUp ); //Set the Projection matrix camProjection = XMMatrixPerspectiveFovLH( 0.4f*3.14f, (float)Width/Height, 1.0f, 1000.0f); D3D11_BLEND_DESC blendDesc; ZeroMemory( &blendDesc, sizeof(blendDesc) ); D3D11_RENDER_TARGET_BLEND_DESC rtbd; ZeroMemory( &rtbd, sizeof(rtbd) ); rtbd.BlendEnable = true; rtbd.SrcBlend = D3D11_BLEND_SRC_COLOR; rtbd.DestBlend = D3D11_BLEND_INV_SRC_ALPHA; rtbd.BlendOp = D3D11_BLEND_OP_ADD; rtbd.SrcBlendAlpha = D3D11_BLEND_ONE; rtbd.DestBlendAlpha = D3D11_BLEND_ZERO; rtbd.BlendOpAlpha = D3D11_BLEND_OP_ADD; rtbd.RenderTargetWriteMask = D3D10_COLOR_WRITE_ENABLE_ALL; blendDesc.AlphaToCoverageEnable = false; blendDesc.RenderTarget[0] = rtbd; hr = D3DX11CreateShaderResourceViewFromFile( d3d11Device, L"grass.jpg", NULL, NULL, &CubesTexture, NULL ); // Describe the Sample State D3D11_SAMPLER_DESC sampDesc; ZeroMemory( &sampDesc, sizeof(sampDesc) ); sampDesc.Filter = D3D11_FILTER_MIN_MAG_MIP_LINEAR; sampDesc.AddressU = D3D11_TEXTURE_ADDRESS_WRAP; sampDesc.AddressV = D3D11_TEXTURE_ADDRESS_WRAP; sampDesc.AddressW = D3D11_TEXTURE_ADDRESS_WRAP; sampDesc.ComparisonFunc = D3D11_COMPARISON_NEVER; sampDesc.MinLOD = 0; sampDesc.MaxLOD = D3D11_FLOAT32_MAX; //Create the Sample State hr = d3d11Device->CreateSamplerState( &sampDesc, &CubesTexSamplerState ); d3d11Device->CreateBlendState(&blendDesc, &Transparency); D3D11_RASTERIZER_DESC cmdesc; ZeroMemory(&cmdesc, sizeof(D3D11_RASTERIZER_DESC)); cmdesc.FillMode = D3D11_FILL_SOLID; cmdesc.CullMode = D3D11_CULL_BACK; cmdesc.FrontCounterClockwise = true; hr = d3d11Device->CreateRasterizerState(&cmdesc, &CCWcullMode); cmdesc.FrontCounterClockwise = false; hr = d3d11Device->CreateRasterizerState(&cmdesc, &CWcullMode); return true; } void StartTimer() { LARGE_INTEGER frequencyCount; QueryPerformanceFrequency(&frequencyCount); countsPerSecond = double(frequencyCount.QuadPart); QueryPerformanceCounter(&frequencyCount); CounterStart = frequencyCount.QuadPart; } double GetTime() { LARGE_INTEGER currentTime; QueryPerformanceCounter(&currentTime); return double(currentTime.QuadPart-CounterStart)/countsPerSecond; } double GetFrameTime() { LARGE_INTEGER currentTime; __int64 tickCount; QueryPerformanceCounter(&currentTime); tickCount = currentTime.QuadPart-frameTimeOld; frameTimeOld = currentTime.QuadPart; if(tickCount < 0.0f) tickCount = 0.0f; return float(tickCount)/countsPerSecond; } void UpdateScene(double time) { //Reset cube1World groundWorld = XMMatrixIdentity(); //Define cube1's world space matrix Scale = XMMatrixScaling( 500.0f, 10.0f, 500.0f ); Translation = XMMatrixTranslation( 0.0f, 10.0f, 0.0f ); //Set cube1's world space using the transformations groundWorld = Scale * Translation; } void RenderText(std::wstring text, int inInt) { d3d11DevCon->PSSetShader(D2D_PS, 0, 0); //Release the D3D 11 Device keyedMutex11->ReleaseSync(0); //Use D3D10.1 device keyedMutex10->AcquireSync(0, 5); //Draw D2D content D2DRenderTarget->BeginDraw(); //Clear D2D Background D2DRenderTarget->Clear(D2D1::ColorF(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f)); //Create our string std::wostringstream printString; printString << text << inInt; printText = printString.str(); //Set the Font Color D2D1_COLOR_F FontColor = D2D1::ColorF(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); //Set the brush color D2D will use to draw with Brush->SetColor(FontColor); //Create the D2D Render Area D2D1_RECT_F layoutRect = D2D1::RectF(0, 0, Width, Height); //Draw the Text D2DRenderTarget->DrawText( printText.c_str(), wcslen(printText.c_str()), TextFormat, layoutRect, Brush ); D2DRenderTarget->EndDraw(); //Release the D3D10.1 Device keyedMutex10->ReleaseSync(1); //Use the D3D11 Device keyedMutex11->AcquireSync(1, 5); //Use the shader resource representing the direct2d render target //to texture a square which is rendered in screen space so it //overlays on top of our entire scene. We use alpha blending so //that the entire background of the D2D render target is "invisible", //And only the stuff we draw with D2D will be visible (the text) //Set the blend state for D2D render target texture objects d3d11DevCon->OMSetBlendState(Transparency, NULL, 0xffffffff); //Set the d2d Index buffer d3d11DevCon->IASetIndexBuffer( d2dIndexBuffer, DXGI_FORMAT_R32_UINT, 0); //Set the d2d vertex buffer UINT stride = sizeof( Vertex ); UINT offset = 0; d3d11DevCon->IASetVertexBuffers( 0, 1, &d2dVertBuffer, &stride, &offset ); WVP = XMMatrixIdentity(); cbPerObj.WVP = XMMatrixTranspose(WVP); d3d11DevCon->UpdateSubresource( cbPerObjectBuffer, 0, NULL, &cbPerObj, 0, 0 ); d3d11DevCon->VSSetConstantBuffers( 0, 1, &cbPerObjectBuffer ); d3d11DevCon->PSSetShaderResources( 0, 1, &d2dTexture ); d3d11DevCon->PSSetSamplers( 0, 1, &CubesTexSamplerState ); d3d11DevCon->RSSetState(CWcullMode); //Draw the second cube d3d11DevCon->DrawIndexed( 6, 0, 0 ); } void DrawScene() { //Clear our render target and depth/stencil view float bgColor[4] = { 0.1f, 0.1f, 0.1f, 1.0f }; d3d11DevCon->ClearRenderTargetView(renderTargetView, bgColor); d3d11DevCon->ClearDepthStencilView(depthStencilView, D3D11_CLEAR_DEPTH|D3D11_CLEAR_STENCIL, 1.0f, 0); constbuffPerFrame.light = light; d3d11DevCon->UpdateSubresource( cbPerFrameBuffer, 0, NULL, &constbuffPerFrame, 0, 0 ); d3d11DevCon->PSSetConstantBuffers(0, 1, &cbPerFrameBuffer); //Set our Render Target d3d11DevCon->OMSetRenderTargets( 1, &renderTargetView, depthStencilView ); //Set the default blend state (no blending) for opaque objects d3d11DevCon->OMSetBlendState(0, 0, 0xffffffff); //Set Vertex and Pixel Shaders d3d11DevCon->VSSetShader(VS, 0, 0); d3d11DevCon->PSSetShader(PS, 0, 0); //Set the cubes index buffer d3d11DevCon->IASetIndexBuffer( squareIndexBuffer, DXGI_FORMAT_R32_UINT, 0); //Set the cubes vertex buffer UINT stride = sizeof( Vertex ); UINT offset = 0; d3d11DevCon->IASetVertexBuffers( 0, 1, &squareVertBuffer, &stride, &offset ); //Set the WVP matrix and send it to the constant buffer in effect file WVP = groundWorld * camView * camProjection; cbPerObj.WVP = XMMatrixTranspose(WVP); cbPerObj.World = XMMatrixTranspose(groundWorld); d3d11DevCon->UpdateSubresource( cbPerObjectBuffer, 0, NULL, &cbPerObj, 0, 0 ); d3d11DevCon->VSSetConstantBuffers( 0, 1, &cbPerObjectBuffer ); d3d11DevCon->PSSetShaderResources( 0, 1, &CubesTexture ); d3d11DevCon->PSSetSamplers( 0, 1, &CubesTexSamplerState ); d3d11DevCon->RSSetState(CCWcullMode); d3d11DevCon->DrawIndexed( 6, 0, 0 ); RenderText(L"FPS: ", fps); //Present the backbuffer to the screen SwapChain->Present(0, 0); } int messageloop(){ MSG msg; ZeroMemory(&msg, sizeof(MSG)); while(true) { BOOL PeekMessageL( LPMSG lpMsg, HWND hWnd, UINT wMsgFilterMin, UINT wMsgFilterMax, UINT wRemoveMsg ); if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)) { if (msg.message == WM_QUIT) break; TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } else{ // run game code frameCount++; if(GetTime() > 1.0f) { fps = frameCount; frameCount = 0; StartTimer(); } frameTime = GetFrameTime(); DetectInput(frameTime); UpdateScene(frameTime); DrawScene(); } } return msg.wParam; } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch( msg ) { case WM_KEYDOWN: if( wParam == VK_ESCAPE ){ DestroyWindow(hwnd); } return 0; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); return 0; } return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam); } Effects.fx struct Light { float3 dir; float4 ambient; float4 diffuse; }; cbuffer cbPerFrame { Light light; }; cbuffer cbPerObject { float4x4 WVP; float4x4 World; }; Texture2D ObjTexture; SamplerState ObjSamplerState; struct VS_OUTPUT { float4 Pos : SV_POSITION; float2 TexCoord : TEXCOORD; float3 normal : NORMAL; }; VS_OUTPUT VS(float4 inPos : POSITION, float2 inTexCoord : TEXCOORD, float3 normal : NORMAL) { VS_OUTPUT output; output.Pos = mul(inPos, WVP); output.normal = mul(normal, World); output.TexCoord = inTexCoord; return output; } float4 PS(VS_OUTPUT input) : SV_TARGET { input.normal = normalize(input.normal); float4 diffuse = ObjTexture.Sample( ObjSamplerState, input.TexCoord ); float3 finalColor; finalColor = diffuse * light.ambient; finalColor += saturate(dot(light.dir, input.normal) * light.diffuse * diffuse); return float4(finalColor, diffuse.a); } float4 D2D_PS(VS_OUTPUT input) : SV_TARGET { float4 diffuse = ObjTexture.Sample( ObjSamplerState, input.TexCoord ); return diffuse; }